冬季3种高绿量道路防护林对PM2.5的消减作用

[目的]明确不同道路防护林对PM2.5的消减作用及其与主要气象因子的相关性,为筛选消减能力较强的道路防护林结构提供科学依据.[方法]以冬季苏北地区绿量较高的3种道路防护林[常绿针叶雪松(Cedrus deodara)纯林、常绿阔叶香樟(Cinnamomum camphora)纯林及垂柳(Salix babylonica)与龙柏(Sabina chinensis)混交林]为研究对象,连续监测防护林距道路不同林带宽度(10、20、30、40、50和60 m)处的PM2.5浓度、温度、相对湿度、风速及光照强度,以防护林与城市主干道边缘的交接处(0 m)为参照,分析不同道路防护林对PM2.5的消减作用及其与主要气象因子的相关性.[结果]3种道路防护林不同林带宽度的PM2.5浓度日变化规律均呈午间高、早晚低的特征;对应的PM2.5浓度均值分别在106~131、100~125和100~127μg/m3,均超出GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》中的二级浓度标准(PM2.5二级浓度标准限值为75μg/m3),说明监测期间3种道路防护林的PM2.5污染较严重.3种道路防护林对PM2.5的消减率均值排序为雪松纯林(8.09%)>香樟纯林(4.54%)>垂柳与龙柏混交林(1.82%).其中,雪松纯林对PM2.5的消减率随着林带宽度的增加逐步上升;香樟纯林除了在林带宽度20~30 m处的PM2.5消减率略有下降外,其消减率也随着林带宽度的增加呈上升趋势;垂柳与龙柏混交林的PM2.5消减率较低,且随着林带宽度的增加其消减率出现明显起伏变化,但整体上呈下降趋势.3种道路防护林的PM2.5消减率与温度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),与相对湿度呈极显著负相关;对应线性回归方程分别为y=0.484x+0.654(R2=0.175)和y=-0.095x+11.682(R2=0.377).[结论]雪松纯林对PM2.5的消减能力较强,可作为强滞尘能力防护林带选用;而垂柳与龙柏混交林在林带宽度0~20 m处的PM2.5消减作用较明显,可作为道路边缘绿化带选用.     

氮磷钾用量对小麦冠层不同层次光截获和干物质分配的影响

为明确不同氮、磷、钾用量对小麦冠层不同层次光截获和干物质分配的影响，以济麦22为供试材料，设置F0（不施肥）、F1（N 180 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 75 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 60 kg·hm^-2）、F2（N 225 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 120 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 105 kg·hm^-2）和F3（N 270 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 165 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 105 kg·hm^-2）4个施肥量处理，比较分析开花后不同氮、磷、钾用量对小麦叶面积指数、冠层不同层次光截获特性和成熟期干物质分配的影响。结果表明，F1处理下叶面积指数显著高于F0处理，而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异；开花后15 d，F1处理下小麦冠层不同层次及总PAR截获率和截获量均显著高于F0处理，而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异。F1处理下成熟期干物质在小麦冠层不同层次营养器官中的分配量、籽粒中的分配量及总干物质积累量显著高于F0处理，而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异。成熟期干物质在小麦冠层不同层次营养器官和籽粒中的分配量以及总干物质积累量与冠层上层（顶部至株高2/3）、中层（株高2/3至株高1/3）和总PAR截获率均呈显著正相关。F1处理（N 180 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 75 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 60 kg·hm^-2）为本试验条件下的最优处理。     

微生态制剂对葡萄抗病能力及果实品质的影响

以云南、四川主栽的4个葡萄品种为试材,在常规用药方式基础上辅以微生态制剂,测定其对葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病防控效果及对果实品质的影响,以期为有效防控葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病的发生,解决生产实践中的具体问题提供科学参考依据。结果表明:微生态制剂能提高葡萄果粒大小和百粒质量,同时增加糖酸比。在传统用药基础上使用绿康威,对葡萄酸腐病和黑曲霉病的防效最佳,分别达52.3%和42.4%;在传统用药基础上使用绿地康3号,其防效为31.3%和21.9%,均表现出良好的防效;前期使用化学药剂,后期单独使用微生态制剂对酸腐病的防效不太明显。     

黄瓜新品种‘粤丰’

 ‘粤丰’是由早熟抗病的‘豫优4号’为母本，与‘渝亮3号’杂交育成的华北型黄瓜一代杂种。生长势强，主侧蔓结瓜，雌花节率高，回头瓜多。瓜条顺直、美观，长棒形，瓜长38.0 cm，横径3.8 cm，肉厚1.2 cm，单瓜质量约390 g，皮色深绿，光泽度好，刺白，瘤小而密，肉质脆，味微甜，商品性好，耐热，抗病、抗逆性强。适合华南地区春秋季种植。     

基于SSH中北大学科技查新系统的开发与实践

为确保科技项目查新的客观性、真实性、及时有效性,完成科技查新报告,中北大学图书馆自主开发了科技查新管理系统。该系统基于SSH框架进行设计,主要包括了科技查新工作所需的用户业务流程和后台管理流程,并通过严格的授权管理机制对系统加以保障。文章分析了系统的功能,给出了系统的体系结构及系统实现的关键技术。     

南海大顶苦瓜规范化栽培技术

为了发挥广东省佛山市的传统特色蔬菜——大顶苦瓜的产品优势,提高农户的规范化栽培技术水平,在改良南海大顶苦瓜品种的基础上,制定出配套的规范化栽培技术措施,内容包括品种特性、产地环境要求、育苗、田间管理措施和采收,旨在进一步提高南海大顶苦瓜的生产效益,大力推广这一传统特色蔬菜品种。     

MicroRNA-145 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human renal cancer A-498 cells by ADAM28

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of microRNA-145 (miR-145) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cancer A-498 cells. METHODS: The A-498 cells were transfected with miR-145 mimics (M145) and mimic negative control(MNC), which served as M145 group and MNC group, respectively. Mock control (MC) group was set up using untreated A-498 cells. The expression level of miR-145 in each group was detected by RT-qPCR. Transwell assay was used to detect the invasion ability of the cells. The protein expression of vimentin, E-cadherin and ADAM28 was determined by Western blot. Bioinformatic method was used to predict the target genes of miR-145. Antagonistic effect of ADAM28 over-expression on the inhibition of EMT by miR-145 was detected by Western blot. The relationship between miR-145 and ADAM28 was analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: The expression level of miR-145 in M145 group was significantly up-regulated than that in MC group (P<0.05). The number of invasive cells in M145 group was 12.78±3.37, which was significantly lower than that in MC group (P<0.05). ADAM28 may be the target gene of miR-145. Compared with MC group, the protein expression of vimentin and ADAM28 in M145 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the protein expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased (P<0.05).After ADAM28 over-expression, the protein expression of vimentin in the A-498 cells of M145 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the protein expression of E-cadherin was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The results of dual-lucife-irasei reporter assay showed that ADAM28 was a downstream target gene of miR-145. CONCLUSION: miR-145 may inhibit the expression of EMT-related proteins through the downstream target gene ADAM28 and inhibit the EMT process of renal cancer A-498 cells.     

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural exports

The COVID-19 outbreak has shocked the world's economies in the year of 2020. As this pandemic spreads around the globe, many experts feared that the global food supplies might start running short, especially if supply chains were disrupted. COVID-19 also added to the uncertainty of the business operation. Therefore, it is critical to understand how COVID-19 pandemic affected global food supply and market. In this study, we investigate the impact of COVID-19 on agricultural export companies in China using a unique firm-level survey data. We found that although on average agricultural businesses experienced declines in the exports, exports of some agricultural products especially grain and oil held strong and even increased, implying the essential demand for staple food during the pandemic. Not surprisingly, exports of medicinal herb also increased significantly during the pandemic. However, exports of goods such as edible fungus and horticultural products sharply decreased. Our results also showed that in general, impact of COVID-19 on smaller firms was more severe than that on larger firms. The results of this study can provide useful guidance and implications for agricultural businesses and policy makers on their COVID-19 mitigation efforts to navigate this global pandemic.